ALV小结之一：简单报表、布局、平均求和

以表MARDH为例，来开发ALV报表。

一、最简单的ALV报表

先来做一个最简单的ALV报表。源码如下：

REPORT  zquy_alv_test_01.
TYPE-POOLS slis.
TABLES : mardh.
DATA :it_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,
      wa_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv,

      BEGIN OF wa_data,
      check TYPE c,
      matnr TYPE matnr,
      lgort TYPE lgort_d,
      labst TYPE labst,
      END OF wa_data,
      wt_data LIKE wa_data OCCURS 100 WITH HEADER LINE.
PARAMETERS : p_lfgja TYPE lfgja OBLIGATORY,
             p_lfmon TYPE lfmon OBLIGATORY.

START-OF-SELECTION.
  PERFORM. get_data.
  PERFORM. set_alv_layout.
  PERFORM. dis_alv_grid.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  get_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       填充数据
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*  -->  p1        text
*  <--  p2        text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM. get_data .
  SELECT * INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE wt_data FROM mardh WHERE lfgja = p_lfgja AND lfmon = p_lfmon AND labst > 1000.
ENDFORM.                    " get_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  set_alv_layout
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       设置数据的显示格式
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*  -->  p1        text
*  <--  p2        text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM. set_alv_layout .
  wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 1.
  wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'matnr'.
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = '物料编码'.
  APPEND  wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

  wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 2.
  wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'lgort'.
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = '库区'.
  APPEND  wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

  wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 3.
  wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'labst'.
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = '非限制使用库存'.
  APPEND  wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

ENDFORM.                    " set_alv_layout
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  dis_alv_grid
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       输出ALV列表
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*  -->  p1        text
*  <--  p2        text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM. dis_alv_grid .
  CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
 EXPORTING
*   I_INTERFACE_CHECK                 = ' '
*   I_BYPASSING_BUFFER                = ' '
*   I_BUFFER_ACTIVE                   = ' '
*   I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM                = ' '
*   I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET          = ' '
*   I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND           = ' '
*   I_CALLBACK_TOP_OF_PAGE            = ' '
*   I_CALLBACK_HTML_TOP_OF_PAGE       = ' '
*   I_CALLBACK_HTML_END_OF_LIST       = ' '
*   I_STRUCTURE_NAME                  =
*   I_BACKGROUND_ID                   = ' '
*   I_GRID_TITLE                      =
*   I_GRID_SETTINGS                   =
   it_fieldcat                       = it_fieldcat
*   IT_EXCLUDING                      =
*   IT_SPECIAL_GROUPS                 =
*   IT_SORT                           =
*   IT_FILTER                         =
*   IS_SEL_HIDE                       =
*   I_DEFAULT                         = 'X'
*   I_SAVE                            = ' '
*   IS_VARIANT                        =
*   IT_EVENTS                         =
*   IT_EVENT_EXIT                     =
*   IS_PRINT                          =
*   IS_REPREP_ID                      =
*   I_SCREEN_START_COLUMN             = 0
*   I_SCREEN_START_LINE               = 0
*   I_SCREEN_END_COLUMN               = 0
*   I_SCREEN_END_LINE                 = 0
*   I_HTML_HEIGHT_TOP                 = 0
*   I_HTML_HEIGHT_END                 = 0
*   IT_ALV_GRAPHICS                   =
*   IT_HYPERLINK                      =
*   IT_ADD_FIELDCAT                   =
*   IT_EXCEPT_QINFO                   =
*   IR_SALV_FULLSCREEN_ADAPTER        =
* IMPORTING
*   E_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_CALLER           =
*   ES_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_USER            =
    TABLES
      t_outtab                          = wt_data
* EXCEPTIONS
*   PROGRAM_ERROR                     = 1
*   OTHERS                            = 2
            .
  IF sy-subrc <> 0.
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
*         WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
  ENDIF.

ENDFORM.                    " dis_alv_grid

OK，运行程序后，输出如下：

二、设置ALV输出的格式

定义格式对象：

DATA:
    lth_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.

  lth_layout-box_fieldname = 'CHECK'. //设置全选字段，别忘了在数据结构中加入此字段。
  lth_layout-colwidth_optimize = 'X'. //设置列的宽度自动调整。
  lth_layout-zebra = 'X'. // 设置间隔行颜色交替。

调用ALV显示控件：

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
 EXPORTING
   is_layout                         = lth_layout
   it_fieldcat                       = it_fieldcat
* IMPORTING
*   E_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_CALLER           =
*   ES_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_USER            =
    TABLES
      t_outtab                          = wt_data
* EXCEPTIONS
*   PROGRAM_ERROR                     = 1
*   OTHERS                            = 2.

做好调整后，运行程序，输出如下：

三、求和求平均值

wa_fieldcat-do_sum = 'A'  //求这列的最大值。

wa_fieldcat-do_sum = 'B' //求这列的最小值。

wa_fieldcat-do_sum  = 'C'. //求平均值,必须为大写。

按物料进行小计：

定义排序条件：

DATA :     lt_sort  TYPE slis_t_sortinfo_alv.

.......

START-OF-SELECTION.
  PERFORM. get_data.
  PERFORM. sort_build.
  PERFORM. set_alv_layout.
  PERFORM. dis_alv_grid.
FORM. sort_build .
  DATA lwa_sort TYPE slis_sortinfo_alv.

  lwa_sort-fieldname = 'MATNR'.

  lwa_sort-up = 'X'.

  lwa_sort-subtot = 'X'.

  APPEND lwa_sort TO lt_sort.

ENDFORM.                    " SORT_BUILD

  CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
 EXPORTING
   is_layout                         = lth_layout
   it_fieldcat                       = it_fieldcat
   IT_SORT                           = lt_sort
* IMPORTING
*   E_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_CALLER           =
*   ES_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_USER            =
    TABLES
      t_outtab                          = wt_data
* EXCEPTIONS
*   PROGRAM_ERROR                     = 1
*   OTHERS                            = 2

如图：

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