Unix系统下的Apache2.x-快上网网站建设公司

Unix系统下的Apache2.x

Unix 系统下的 Apache 2.x

本节包括在 Unix 平台的 Apache 2.x 下安装 PHP 的说明和提示。

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Warning

不推荐在使用 Apache 2 的产品中使用线程化 MPM。应使用预分支 MPM，Apache 2.0 和 2.2 默认的 MPM。其原因见 FAQ 中的相关条目使用线程化 MPM 的 Apache2。

推荐阅读 » Apache 文档，了解一下 Apache 2.x 服务器，以及详细的安装参数。

可以从 » Apache 下载站点下载最新版本的Apache，并且根据上文选择合适版本的 PHP 下载。本向导仅包含最基础的内容，只能让 Apache 2.x 和 PHP 能够正常工作。更多信息请阅读» Apache 文档。这里省略所有的版本号，以保证本文的正确性。需要将本文的“NN”替换为相应的版本号。

当前 Apache 2.x 有两个流行的版本 - 2.0、2.2。虽然选择某个版本会有种种原因，但是如果可以考虑的话，我们还是建议使用最新的 Apache 2.2 版本。当然，以下的介绍同样适合 Apache 2.0 和 2.2。

从上面列出的地方获取 Apache 源码包，然后解压：
```
gzip -d httpd-2_x_NN.tar.gz
tar -xf httpd-2_x_NN.tar
```

同样，获取 PHP 源码包并解压：

gunzip php-NN.tar.gz
tar -xf php-NN.tar

编译并安装 Apache。请参考 Apache 安装文档了解编译 Apache 的更多细节。
```
cd httpd-2_x_NN
./configure --enable-so
make
make install
```
现在已经将 Apache 2.x.NN 安装在 /usr/local/apache2。本安装支持可装载模块和标准的 MPM prefork。之后，可以使用如下命令启动 Apache 服务器：
```
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
```
如果成功，可以停止 Apache 服务器并继续安装 PHP：
```
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop
```
现在需要配置并编译 PHP。在这里可以用各种各样的参数来自定义 PHP，例如启动哪些扩展功能包的支持等。用 ./configure --help 命令可以列出当前可用的所有参数。在此例中，将给出一个在有 MySQL 支持的 Apache 2 上进行配置的范例。
如果按照上面的说明从源代码编译了 Apache，下面的例子会正确匹配 apxs 的路径。如果通过其他方式安装了 Apache，需要相应的调整 apxs 的路径。注意，在有些发行版本中，可能将 apxs 更名为 apxs2。
```
cd ../php-NN
./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql
make
make install
```
如果决定在安装后改变配置选项，只需重复最后的三步 configure，make，以及 make install，然后需要重新启动 Apache 使新模块生效。Apache 不需要重新编译。
请注意，除非明确有提示，否则“make install”命令将安装 PEAR、各种 PHP 工具诸如 phpize，并安装 PHP CLI 等等。
配置 php.ini
```
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/lib/php.ini
```
可以编辑 php.ini 来设置 PHP 运行时的选项。如果想要把此文件放到另外的位置，需要在步骤 5 添加 --with-config-file-path=/path 选项。
如果选择了 php.ini-production，请务必阅读其中的变更列表，它们将影响 PHP 的执行。
编辑 httpd.conf 文件以调用 PHP 模块。LoadModule 达式右边的路径必须指向系统中的 PHP 模块。以上的 make install 命令可能已经完成了这些，但务必要检查。
```
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
```
告知 Apache 将特定的扩展名解析成 PHP，例如，让 Apache 将扩展名 .php 解析成 PHP。为了避免潜在的危险，例如上传或者创建类似 exploit.php.jpg 的文件并被当做 PHP 执行，我们不再使用 Apache 的 AddType 指令来设置。参考下面的例子，你可以简单的将需要的扩展名解释为 PHP。我们演示为增加.php。
```
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
```
或者，你也想将 .php，.php2，.php3，.php4，.php5，.php6，以及 .phtml 文件都当做 PHP 来运行，我们无需额外的设置，仅需按照下面这样来：
```
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
```
然后，可以将 .phps 文件由 PHP 源码过滤器处理，使得其在显示时可以高亮源码，设置如下：
```
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
```
mod_rewrite 也有助于将那些不需要运行的 .php 文件的源码高亮显示，而并不需要将他们更名为 .phps 文件：
```
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule (.*\.php)s$ $1 [H=application/x-httpd-php-source]
```
不要在正式生产运营的系统上启动 PHP 源码过滤器，因为这可能泄露系统机密或者嵌入的代码中的敏感信息。

按照通常的方式启动 Apache 服务：

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

或者

service httpd restart

按照上面的步骤便可以使 Apache 2.ｘ将 PHP 作为 SAPI 模块了。当然 Apache 和 PHP 都还有很多配置选项，可以在相应的源代码目录中使用 ./configure --help获得更多信息。

假如要编译一个多线程版本的 Apache，可在编译时选择用 worker MPM 来替换标准的 prefork MPM。只需在上面的第 3 步使用：

--with-mpm=worker

如果不是很明确这样做的后果并且大概理解其含义的话，最好不要进行这一步。更多信息请参考 Apache 文档中关于 » MPM-Modules 的部分。

Note:
Apache MultiViews 常见问题中讨论了在 PHP 中使用 MultiViews。

Note:
要编译多线程版本的 Apache，系统必须支持多线程。这也意味着需要将 PHP 编译为正处在试验阶段的 Zend Thread Safety（ZTS），因此并不是所有的扩展都可以使用了。推荐编译 Apache 使用标准的 prefork MPM-Module。

Unix 平台的 Lighttpd 1.4 Unix 系统下的 Apache 2.x

Unix 系统下的 Apache 1.3.x

[edit] Last updated: Fri, 23 Aug 2013

add a noteUser Contributed NotesUnix 系统下的 Apache 2.x- [16 notes]

down

nmmm at nmmm dot nu

4 years ago

When I upgrade to apache 2.2, this: 

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php5 
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php42 
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php4 
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php3 
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php 
AddType application/x-httpd-php .phtm 
AddType application/x-httpd-php .phtml 
AddType application/x-httpd-php .asp 

...does not worked for me, so I did this: 

 
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php 
 

Another interesting point with Apache 2.2 is following. 
Let suppose we installed PHP as module. But for some directory, we need to use PHP as CGI (probably because of custom configuration). This can be done using: 

 
SetHandler none 
 

AddType application/x-httpd-php-custom .php 
Action  application/x-httpd-php-custom  /cgi-bin/php-huge 

Note type must be different than "application/x-httpd-php" and also you need to deactivate the handler on sertain extention. You can do mixed configuration: 

 
SetHandler none 
 

AddType application/x-httpd-php-custom .php 
Action  application/x-httpd-php-custom  /cgi-bin/php-huge 

in such case files like *.php5 and so on will be parsed via module, but *.php will go to php-huge executable.

down

chris@gerlt -dot- net

6 years ago

Install issues on Redhat, specifically RHEL4 with php4 already installed:  

I discovered that there was an issue caused by redhat loading php4 in another file seperate from the httpd.conf file!  This took me hours to discover.  Make sure you know if the apache config file (httpd.conf) is loading configurations from a directory (or another file(s)) as well.  If so, look in there for any php module loading which could conflict with the new module you are compiling/installing.

down

praveen dot k at masconit dot com

8 years ago

Hi too had same problem with multiview like when i execute http://huey/admin/test.php it used to compile but when i use http://huey/admin/test it wouldnt recognise it as php file... i worked it out with the addhandler method and AddType in different line and setting multiview for directive 

"multiviews Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews"

the directives u can set it to root directory so now when u type pn test it will search in precendence for test.php, test.html if any .....

its working for me with apache2.0.47 and php 4.3.9 on solaris

praveen

down

-1

Anonymous

4 years ago

Solution for fedora is yum install mysql-devel. Then set --with-mysql=/usr/include/mysql/
monguesto

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-1

Tom420.Duhamel

4 years ago

I have successfully installed Apache 2.2.11 and PHP 5.2.8 under Red Hat 9.0 on a Pentium 166 with 32 MB of RAM.

While I used RH9, the worst possible case, these notes are probably good for RH-based distributions too (Red Hat Enterprise, Fedora, CentOS...)

If you want to install MySQL, it needs to be installed before PHP because PHP requires some libraries be available.

One think important when picking up a binary distribution of MySQL is to download all four packages: MySQL-server, MySQL-devel, MySQL-client and MySQL-shared. Note: The MySQL was bundled with PHP 4 but is not anymore in PHP 5.

Then you need to install Apache before PHP, because again PHP needs some libraries be available. I installed Apache 2 from source, using the very last version available, which is 2.2.11. 

I installed PHP 5.2.8 from source. Here, I had a number of problems, but none which I could not resolve easily, some of them with a little help from different forums I found through Google.

Rembember: When it says you need a package named xyz and you notice there is also one named xyz-devel, grab it.

Most of the packages I got from:
http://legacy.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/9/en/os/i386/RedHat/RPMS/
A similar page exists for other versions of Red Hat
and:
http://rpmfind.net/
This site has an updated version of some of the packages. Make sure to use only the one labeled for you version (in my case, Red Hat 9.0) or it will not likely work.

You already have glibc and glibc-common installed, but you need to get glibc-devel and glibc-kernheaders. Make sure to match glibc's version (rpm -q glibc). Note: When it says kernel-header is a required dependency, that's glibc-kernheader (not kernel-source). You will also need binutils (no need to match the version), and gcc and cpp (version must match).

You need zlib-devel (zlib is probably already installed, match the version you have).

If you install the GD extension, the actual library is already bundled with PHP 5 (use that one, they have done some changes in there, so don't upgrade), but you will need to install libpng and libpng-devel (match version, or disable in configure if you don't want) and libjpeg (no -devel with that one).

You will also need libxml2. Now there were a problem, because PHP requires libxml2 be 2.6 or greater, but Red Hat only supplied 2.5.4-1 for RH9 (if you have a more recent distro, you might be more lucky). After looking for a while, I decided to grab the source code for the most recent distribution at the official website (http://xmlsoft.org/) and compiled.

Hope my post is useful to someone. Please, share your experience when compiling/installing for your particular platform and setup. Remember how hard it's been for you the very first time. I confess, my very first server installation took me nearly a week and I was glad others helped me.

down

svepa at milestone42 dot com

1 year ago

On 64-bit Fedora systems (I'm using Fedora 14), configuring PHP to use the MySQL libraries installed as part of the distribution gives the following error if you follow the default instructions in this manual.

Cannot find libmysqlclient under /usr

Modifying he following invocation of configure as follows:

./configure --with-apxs2=/path/to/apxs --with-libdir=lib64 --with-mysql 

should work.

Note the addition of --with-libdir=lib64
This points the configure script to look for 64-bit mysqlclient libraries.

down

susie91

6 years ago

for slackware 10.2 users with apache2, mysql5, and trying to install php5:

when following the directions above, after this step:

./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql

i kept getting this error:
"Unable to find MySql header files...."

the only way i could get php5 with mysql support was to compile MySql5 from source, and not use the binary as the mysql site recommends.

then i was able to ./configure successfully, but for some reason php was configured to compile the CGI version.

so, had to use this ./configure line:

./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql  --disable-cgi

alternatively, you could install php4 which does bundle the MySql client files.

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jaya

7 years ago

PHP 5.1.4 INSTALLATION on Solaris 9 (Sparc)

Solaris9 Packages Installed:

Verify required package installation:
root# pkginfo SUNWbtool SUNWsprot SUNWtoo SUNWhea SUNWarc \
SUNWlibm SUNWlibms SUNWdfbh SUNWxglh SUNWcg6h

Uninstall Default Apache Packages:
root# /etc/init.d/apache stop
root# pkginfo |grep Apache
root# pkgrm SUNWaclg SUNWapchd SUNWapchr SUNWapchu

Create installation Directory:
root# mkdir /phpdata/ 

Download Required Packages from Sunfreeware:

Install libiconv-1.8 and gcc3.3.2 packages 
root# pkgadd -d ./libiconv-1.8-sol9-sparc-local
root# pkgadd -d ./gcc-3.3.2-sol9-sparc-local

set LD_LIBRARY_PATH, CC and PATH variables
root# LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib/sparcv9/:\
/usr/lib:/usr/openwin/lib:/opt/local/lib:/usr/local/ssl/lib:\
/usr/local/apr/lib:/opt/mysql/mysql/lib
root# CC=gcc
root# PATH=$PATH:/usr/ucb:/usr/local/bin/
root# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CC PATH

Install apr-1.2.2 and aprutil-1.2.2 packages 

root# gzcat apr-1.2.2.tar.gz |tar xvf -
root# cd apr-1.2.2
root# ./configure
root# make
root# make install
root# cd ..

root# gzcat aprutil-1.2.2.tar.gz |tar xvf -
root# cd apr-util-1.2.2/
root# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
root# make
root# make install

Install gawk-3.1.4, expat-1.95.5, db-4.2.52.NC, 
gdbm-1.8.3, libgcc-3.3 and libxml2-2.6.16 packages 
root# cd ..
root# pkgadd -d ./gawk-3.1.4-sol9-sparc-local
root# pkgadd -d ./expat-1.95.5-sol9-sparc-local
root# pkgadd -d ./db-4.2.52.NC-sol9-sparc-local
root# pkgadd -d ./gdbm-1.8.3-sol9-sparc-local
root# pkgadd -d ./libgcc-3.3-sol9-sparc-local
root# pkgadd -d ./libxml2-2.6.16-sol9-sparc-local

Install GNU make package
root# gzcat make-3.81.tar.gz |tar xvf -
root# cd make-3.81
root# ./configure
root# make
root# make install
root# cd .. 

Install mysql-standard-5.0.22 package
Search for user mysql
root# grep mysql /etc/passwd
root# grep mysql /etc/group

If not found create user and group mysql
root# groupadd mysql
root# useradd -G mysql mysql
root# pkgadd -d ./mysql-standard-5.0.22-solaris9-sparc.pkg.gz

Install openssl-0.9.7g package
root# gzcat openssl-0.9.7g.tar.gz |tar xvf -
root# cd openssl-0.9.7g
root# ./config shared
root# make
root# make install
root# cd ..

Install Apache2 package
root# gzcat httpd-2.2.0.tar.gz |tar xvf -
root# cd httpd-2.2.0
root# ./configure --enable-so
root# /usr/local/bin/make
root# /usr/local/bin/make install
root# cd ..

Install php-5.1.4 package
root# gzcat php-5.1.4.tar.gz |tar xvf -
root# cd php-5.1.4
root# ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs\
--with-ldap --with-mysql=/opt/mysql/mysql/
root# /usr/local/bin/make
root# /usr/local/bin/make install
root# cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini

Edit httpd.conf to load the PHP module 
and to parse certain extensions as PHP
root# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml

Start Apache
root# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

Add environmental variables below HTTPD
root# vi /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib/sparcv9/:
/usr/lib:/usr/openwin/lib:/opt/local/lib:/usr/local/ssl/lib:
/usr/local/apr/lib:/opt/mysql/mysql/lib
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/openwin/bin:\
/usr/ucb:/usr/local/bin/
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH

Create Apache Startup Script

down

felixcca at yahoo dot ca

7 years ago

I've (painfully) discovered that installing PHP5 with "make install" under SuSe 9.2 is NOT a good idea.
http://www.aditus.nu/jpgraph/apache2suse.php
This page explains how to install it without breaking everything that's php-related in the Apache2 configuration. Its first purpose, though, is to show how to have php 4 and 5 to cohabit properly.

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frank@ethisoft

7 years ago

Using Apache2 & PHP5 work perfectly fine & safe together.
- all core modules are safe in Zend Engine 2
- third-party-libraries should be avoided
- semaphores and shared memory enables you to ensure yourself that your application/website is thread-safe also with non-thread-safe PHP modules!

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happyboy at php dot org

8 years ago

FILE TRUNCATED!!

during the make process should u receive an error declaring ext/ctype/ctype.lo (or another file) is truncated then you need to 'make clean' prior to a healthy 'make' and 'make install.'

looking into your ext/ directory you may find the offensive file to be 1 byte long.

down

mihai dot sandu at gtstelecom dot ro

8 years ago

For the SuSE9.2 install of PHP5.
First:
If building on a x64 platform, please set LDFLAGS="-L/usr/lib64" before configure.
As for install, it suffices to go to /etc/apache2 and:
ln -s sysconfig.d/loadmodule.conf httpd2-prefork.conf
and then make install

down

neil

8 years ago

To install mysql and mysqli with PHP5 do the following:

after doing:

./configure --with-mysql=/path/to/mysql_config --with-mysqli=/path/to/mysql_config

do this:

"
   if you want to use both the old mysql and the new mysqli interface, load the Makefile into your editor and search for the line beginning with EXTRA_LIBS; it includes -lmysqlclient twice; remove the second instance
"

then you can:

make
make install

.....
Pleasse note: you must have mysql-dev installed (RPM or source) or you will not have the mysql_config file at all.  The standard, server, and client installations of MySQL do not include it.  I read somewhere that the mysql and mysqli paths must be identical.

Quoted from Michael Kofler at the following link:
http://www.kofler.cc/forum/forumthread.php?rootID=3571

down

Dan Scott (dan dot scott at acm dot org)

8 years ago

Building PHP 5.x with Apache2 on SuSE Professional 9.1/9.2

SuSE uses a rather fragmented set of Apache configuration files stored in /etc/apache2/. When you configure PHP 5.x with:

$ ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/sbin/apxs2
$ make

everything builds just fine; but when you issue:
$ su -c "make install"

the unconventional Apache conf file layout confuses the install-sapi section of the Makefile and the process halts with the following error:

apxs:Error: Config file /etc/apache2/httpd2-prefork.conf not found.
make: *** [install-sapi] Error 1

At this point only the PHP SAPI library has been copied into place; the rest of the files (like PEAR scripts, PHP-CLI, etc) have not been installed. But never fear! You can overcome this problem with the following steps:

1. Edit Makefile and change the following line to remove "install-sapi":
install_targets = install-sapi install-cli install-pear install-build install-headers install-programs

2. Issue the make install command again:
$ su -c "make install"

3. Add the PHP module & type instructions to the Apache configuration. As root, create a new file, /etc/apache2/conf.d/php5.conf that contains the following lines:

LoadModule php5_module /usr/lib/apache2/libphp5.so
AddType application/x-httpd-php php

--- And that's it. Everything else is just as the documentation suggests it should be.

down

-2

nabil at world dot com

5 years ago

I couldn't start Apache2 after installing PHP5 in archlinux, I got this error :

Cannot load /.../libphp5.so into server: /.../libphp5.so: undefined symbol: _efree

The solution was "make clean" on the PHP5 source directory, then ./configure, make & make install again.

down

-3

peep at imtarget dot identicloak dot com

4 years ago

Configuration notes for cent5.2, April 2009.
----------------------------------------------------
Note: I'll walk you through my steps, so you can do it custom yerself. It's possible that I am an idiot and there are much easier ways to do this. But this worked for me. Also , you could just use my configure script and yum command line and probably have it work okay.

Scenario
----------
I'm setting this up for a fairly typical drupal install, with a mysql backend. I set up the dev server with the php package from the cent yum repo, and the customer ran Drupal with that for a while, but now wants a more current PHP than the cent package provides. 

my approach for determining required modules
------------------------------------
1. get the list of the modules
    $ php -m | grep -v -e Modules] -e ^$ > php-default-modules
2. create the configure script
    $ for i in $(cat php-default-modules); do echo -n "--with-$i ">> phpconfigure.sh ;done
3. run the configure script, and iterate through the "Configure script errors" section below until it completes properly
4. at the end of the output, look for a notice of unknown options

    Notice: Following unknown configure options were used:
    --with-date
    --with-gum-disease

    Check './configure --help' for available options

5. as suggested, execute './configure --help' and correct the options. The "for" command above indiscriminately inserts "--with-" for all modules, but bundled modules may require "--enable-" instead, so mostly you'll be changing those. For modules that are enabled by default you'll need to remove the entry.

6. Add anything else you personally want or need. I like to add "--enable-safe-mode".

I configured with the following command line:

php-5.2.9]$ ./configure --with-mcrypt --with-mhash --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --enable-dbase --enable-exif --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-gettext --with-gmp --with-iconv --enable-mbstring --with-mime_magic --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --with-pdo_mysql --with-pdo_sqlite --with-pspell --enable-shmop --enable-sockets --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-wddx --with-zlib --enable-safe-mode

as such, i needed a number of packages installed. Now I haven't tracked additional packages over base--there may be required packages that I happened to have installed for other things. But this is a pretty good list, i reckon:

php-5.2.9]$ sudo yum install mcrypt libmcrypt mhash libmhash libxml2-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel curl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel gmp-devel mysql-devel aspell-devel zlib zlib-devel

Configure script errors
--------------------------------------------
In my experience, these errors have been due (with any software, PHP included) mostly to missing development packages, which contain the libraries and headers needed to compile support for that library's function into the application.

This becomes a process of:
-executing the ./configure script and looking at the error
-installing the devel package providing the resource referenced by the error (google using the error as search term as needed)
-repeat until the ./configure script makes it through without error

Upshot: identify the software referenced by the error, and install it.

Example
-----------
Example error:
    configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's 
Example explanation
    configure is looking for a header (and probably a lot of other stuff) from a missing openssl package.
Example solution:
php-5.2.9]$sudo yum install openssl-devel

Compiling (and testing and submitting)
----------------------------------------------
with ./configure working, you're ready to compile. I think it's important to test and submit the tests to the developers, you do what you want.

$ make;make test

Installing
-------------
$sudo make install

(be sure you, heh, have the system php removed before you do this step. seriously)

Best of luck!

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