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在Oracle Database 12.1中,闪回数据库操作仅限于根容器,因此会影响与根容器关联的所有可插拔数据库(PDB)。 Oracle Database 12.2现在支持可插拔数据库的闪回,使闪回数据库在多租户架构中再次相关。
将数据库启动到mount阶段,开启闪回,然后open,再启用FLASHBACK
SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> STARTUP MOUNT ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1308622848 bytes Fixed Size 8792440 bytes Variable Size 905971336 bytes Database Buffers 385875968 bytes Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database archivelog; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered.
指定闪回恢复区目录和大小
SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=5G; System altered. SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/home/oracle/archivelog'; System altered. SQL> alter database flashback on; Database altered.
关闭闪回
SQL> alter database flashback off; Database altered.
查看结果
SQL> SELECT flashback_on FROM v$database; FLASHBACK_ON ------------------------------------ YES
闪回日志保留的数量是受参数DB_FLASHBACK_RETENTION_TARGET控制的,该参数表示保留时间(分钟),默认为7天。
SQL> show parameter DB_FLASHBACK_RETENTION_TARGE NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ db_flashback_retention_target integer 1440
恢复点实际上是记录当时的SCN。要想恢复到之前创建的还原点,要保证还原点之后的闪回日志是完整的。
在CDB级别创建恢复点与non-CDB相同。 以下示例在CDB级别分别创建和删除正常,保证的还原点。
正常的还原点
CREATE RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes; DROP RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes;
保证的还原点(Guaranteed restore point)
CREATE RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE; DROP RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes;
下面是在PDB级别创建还原点的几个选项。
SQL> show pdbs; CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 ORCLPDB MOUNTED
–切换到PDB
SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb; Session altered. SQL> startup Pluggable Database opened.
–正常的还原点
SQL> create restore point pdb1_point1; Restore point created. SQL> drop restore point pdb1_point1; Restore point dropped.
–保证的还原点(Guaranteed restore point)
SQL> create restore point pdb1_point1 GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE; Restore point created. SQL> drop restore point pdb1_point1; Restore point dropped.
注:如果容器数据库是以本地模式运行的就不用看这个章节。
本地模式运行的容器数据库,闪回PDB不依赖它。但是如果CDB再共享模式下运行,那么闪回到干净的还原点将更有效。这些是当可插拔数据库关闭的时候没有未完成的事务。
语法和上面相似,只是多加了个单词。而且要关闭PDB
如:
切换到PDB下执行:
SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb; SQL> shutdown immediate;
– 干净正常的还原点
SQL> CREATE CLEAN RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes; SQL> DROP RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes;
– 干净保证的还原点(Guaranteed restore point)
SQL> CREATE CLEAN RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE; SQL> DROP RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes;
CDB ROOT下执行:
SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb CLOSE;
– 干净正常的还原点
SQL> CREATE CLEAN RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes FOR PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb ; SQL> DROP RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes ;FOR PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb ;
– 干净保证的还原点(Guaranteed restore point)
SQL> CREATE CLEAN RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE FOR PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb; SQL> DROP RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes ;FOR PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb ; SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb OPEN;
可以通过查看V$RESTORE_POINT视图中的CLEAN_PDB_RESTORE_POINT列所示。
闪回CDB如下:
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; SQL>STARTUP MOUNT; SQL>FLASHBACK DATABASE TO RESTORE POINT cdb1_before_changes; ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
– 打开所有PDB
SQL>ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL OPEN RESETLOGS;
闪回还支持多种形式的闪回,如按时间,SCN,或者某个时间点之前。
如:
FLASHBACK DATABASE TO TIMESTAMP my_date; FLASHBACK DATABASE TO BEFORE TIMESTAMP my_date; FLASHBACK DATABASE TO SCN my_scn; FLASHBACK DATABASE TO BEFORE SCN my_scn; FLASHBACK DATABASE TO RESTORE POINT my_restore_point;
根据数据库运行的模式不同,操作也会有所不同。下面是本地UNDO模式的操作步骤:
SQL>ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb CLOSE; SQL>FLASHBACK PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb TO RESTORE POINT pdb1_before_changes; SQL>ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb OPEN RESETLOGS;
如果使用的共享UNDO模式,语法有点不同,就是你需要制定辅助实例的位置。
SQL>FLASHBACK PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb TO SCN my_scn AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/u01/auxiliary'; SQL>FLASHBACK PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb TO RESTORE POINT my_restore_point AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/u01/auxiliary';
–创建还原点
SQL>CREATE RESTORE POINT pdb1_before_changes FOR PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1;
–创建表
SQL>CREATE TABLE t1 ( id NUMBER ); SQL>INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1); SQL>COMMIT; SQL>SELECT * FROM t1; ID ---------- 1
闪回到指定还原点
SQL>Flashback the PDB to the restore point. SQL>ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 CLOSE; SQL>FLASHBACK PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 TO RESTORE POINT pdb1_before_changes; SQL>ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 OPEN RESETLOGS;
–检查数据是否存在
SQL>SELECT * FROM t1; SELECT * FROM t1 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
可以看到已经闪回到创建表之前的那个状态了。
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