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此时需要在主服务器上先完全备份，还原到从服务器；接着开启主从复制；
如果直接使用主从复制，那么主从服务器的压力很大；
主服务器数据全备份操作：
[root@master ~]$MySQLdump -A -F --single-transaction --master-data=1 > all.sql
主服务器模拟修改操作：
MariaDB [(none)]> create database wangdb1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs;
+--------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+--------------------+-----------+
| mariadb-bin.000001 | 8217 |
| mariadb-bin.000002 | 555 |
| mariadb-bin.000003 | 334 |
+--------------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@master ~]$less all.sql
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=245;
主服务器配置：
[root@slave ~]$vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
innodb_file_per_table
server_id=2
从服务器数据还原：
[root@master ~]$scp all.sql 192.168.27.17:~
[root@slave ~]$mysql < all.sql
从服务器开启主从复制：
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.27.7',
-> MASTER_USER='repluser',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='centos',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000003',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=245;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.27.7
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 334
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 620
Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 334
Relay_Log_Space: 916
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从服务器数据一致性保证：
由于从服务器上的数据也是可以被删除的，所以为了保证数据的一致性，可以将只读属性打开；
这种情况下，MySQL的root用户依然是可以修改删除的，只是对于普通用户生效；
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'read_only';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| read_only | OFF |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
[root@slave ~]$vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
innodb_file_per_table
server_id=2
read_only
MariaDB [(none)]> grant select,update,delete on *.* to test@'192.168.27.%' identified by 'centos';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[root@master ~]$mysql -utest -pcentos -h292.168.27.17
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students where age='22';
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> delete from students;
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MariaDB server is running with the --read-only option so it cannot execute this statement
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