RHEL6.3如何实现基于加密的用户认证验证访问

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 一、业务需求

Apache需要实现加密的基于用户身份认证的验证访问，来保证特定站点页面的安全。这里是需求的实现过程，请看如下分解。

二、具体实现步骤：

1、建立主目录及网页

[root@test1 www]# mkdir virt1

[root@test1 www]# ls

cgi-bin  error  html  icons  manual  virt1

[root@test1 www]# cd virt1

[root@test1 virt1]# echo "welcomt to apache website">index.html

[root@test1 virt1]# ls

index.html

[root@test1 virt1]# cat index.html

welcomt to apache website

2、使用apache自带的htpasswd工具生成密码文件来作为用户访问认证的来源

格式：htpasswd options FilePath user

    -c ：第一次创建时使用该选项

    -m ：将密码使用MD5加密存放

    -D ：从密码文件中删除用户

[root@test1 conf]# htpasswd -cm .htpasswd aaa

New password: 

Re-type new password: 

Adding password for user aaa

[root@test1 conf]# cat .htpasswd

aaa:$apr1$hhFTA/vU$GwUfNDRNGFGIyHWftqc2M1

[root@test1 conf]# htpasswd -m .htpasswd bbb

New password: 

Re-type new password: 

Adding password for user bbb

[root@test1 conf]# cat .htpasswd

aaa:$apr1$hhFTA/vU$GwUfNDRNGFGIyHWftqc2M1

bbb:$apr1$QHr2Dpff$wMtQI74PcbNOMrY0mPgpa0

[root@test1 conf]# 

如果是要删除用户

#htpasswd -D .htpasswd aaa

3、对指定的网页目录使用基本身份认证验证

比如对test1.demo.com网站的访问需要基于用户认证验证

配置apache的主配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.123:80

    DocumentRoot /var/www/virt1

    ServerName test1.demo.com

    ErrorLog logs/test1.demo.com-error.log

    authName "realm"

    AuthType basic

    AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd

    Require User aaa  bbb

[root@test1 virt1]# service httpd restart

Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]

Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]

4、加密配置

[root@test1 conf]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key)

Generating RSA private key, 512 bit long modulus

....++++++++++++

....++++++++++++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

Enter pass phrase for server.key:

Verifying - Enter pass phrase for server.key:

[root@test1 conf]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr

Enter pass phrase for server.key:

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:CN

State or Province Name (full name) []:

Locality Name (eg, city) [Beijing]:Beijing

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:Tianli

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:test1.demo.com

Email Address []:

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

to be sent with your certificate request

A challenge password []:

An optional company name []:

[root@test1 conf]# openssl ca -in server.csr -out server.crt

Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

Enter pass phrase for /etc/pki/CA/private/my-ca.key:

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

Certificate Details:

        Serial Number: 3 (0x3)

        Validity

            Not Before: Jan 31 05:37:44 2013 GMT

            Not After : Jan 31 05:37:44 2014 GMT

        Subject:

            countryName               = CN

            stateOrProvinceName       = Hebei

            organizationName          = Default Company Ltd

            commonName                = test1.demo.com

        X509v3 extensions:

            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 

                CA:FALSE

            Netscape Comment: 

                OpenSSL Generated Certificate

            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 

                CB:3D:6E:BD:48:ED:BD:FE:39:BD:27:C5:B5:57:19:96:79:11:23:14

            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 

                keyid:4C:45:25:5F:60:7F:F8:6E:6F:B4:53:C4:FB:BD:A3:C6:82:AE:2A:62

Certificate is to be certified until Jan 31 05:37:44 2014 GMT (365 days)

Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y

Write out database with 1 new entries

Data Base Updated

将httpd.conf中的这一段复制放到ssl.conf中并修改和添加SSL认证语句

NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.123:443

    DocumentRoot /var/www/virt1

    SSLEngine on

    SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/conf/server.crt

    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/conf/server.key

    ServerName test1.demo.com

    ErrorLog logs/test1.demo.com-error.log

    authName "realm"

    AuthType basic

    AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd

    Require User aaa  bbb

注：需要将原httpd.conf文件中的这一段进行注释或屏蔽。

[root@test1 conf]# service httpd restart

Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]

Starting httpd: [Thu Jan 31 01:29:41 2013] [warn] NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.123:80 has no VirtualHosts

Apache/2.2.15 mod_ssl/2.2.15 (Pass Phrase Dialog)

Some of your private key files are encrypted for security reasons.

In order to read them you have to provide the pass phrases.

Server test1.demo.com:443 (RSA)

Enter pass phrase:

OK: Pass Phrase Dialog successful.

                                                           [  OK  ]

[root@test1 conf]# 

三、测试

在FIREFOX中输入https://test1.demo.com进行浏览

点击I Understand the Risks

点击Add Exception

点击Confirm Security Exception

输入用户名和密码

最后看到受保护页面内容

以上就是RHEL6.3如何实现基于加密的用户认证验证访问，小编相信有部分知识点可能是我们日常工作会见到或用到的。希望你能通过这篇文章学到更多知识。更多详情敬请关注创新互联行业资讯频道。