这篇文章主要为大家展示了“Oracle 12c如何创建和删除PDB”，内容简而易懂，条理清晰，希望能够帮助大家解决疑惑，下面让小编带领大家一起研究并学习一下“Oracle 12c如何创建和删除PDB”这篇文章吧。
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1. 手工创建PDB
从SEED database 创建PDB的时候，可以指定文件存放的位置。 有两种方法可以指定文件的位置。
第一种是在CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE 语法中添加FILE_NAME_CONVERT选项。
/tupian/20230522/221
/tupian/20230522/221
SQL> set lin 120
SQL> col name for a60
SQL> select * from v$dbfile;
13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdb1/ado2.dbf 3
14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdb1/cndba01.dbf 3
22 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/system.dbf 4
23 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/sysaux.dbf 4
24 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/users.dbf 4
25 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/ado1.dbf 4
26 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/ado2.dbf 4
18 rows selected.
查看PDB的位置，创建新目录：
[oracle@Ora12c ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/huaining
SQL> create pluggable database huaining admin user cndba identified by cndba
file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdbseed/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/huaining/');
Pluggable database created.
也可以简写：/tupian/20230522/221
create pluggable database huaining admin user cndba identified by cndba
file_name_convert=('pdbseed','huaining');
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO
5 HUAINING MOUNTED
--查看PDB的状态：是NEW，测试是不可用的。
/tupian/20230522/221
SQL> set lin 120
SQL> col pdb_name for a15
SQL> select pdb_name,status from dba_pdbs;
PDB_NAME STATUS
--------------- ---------
PDB1 NORMAL
PDB$SEED NORMAL
CNDBA NORMAL
HUAINING NEW
必须显示的打开数据库：/tupian/20230522/221
SQL> alter pluggable database huaining open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO
5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO
SQL> select pdb_name,status from dba_pdbs;
PDB_NAME STATUS
--------------- ---------
PDB1 NORMAL
PDB$SEED NORMAL
CNDBA NORMAL
HUAINING NORMAL
第二种方法，就是先指定PDB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT 参数的值，然后执行创建命令，此时就不需要指定FILE_NAME_CONVERT选项。
/tupian/20230522/221
[oracle@Ora12c pdbseed]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/ahdba
SQL> show parameter pdb_
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
pdb_file_name_convert string
pdb_lockdown string
pdb_os_credential string
SQL> alter session set pdb_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdbseed/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/ahdba/';
Session altered.
SQL> show parameter pdb_
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
pdb_file_name_convert string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/p
dbseed/, /u01/app/oracle/orada
ta/dave/ahdba/
pdb_lockdown string
pdb_os_credential string
SQL>
SQL> create pluggable database ahdba admin user cndba identified by cndba;
Pluggable database created.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO
5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO
6 AHDBA MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database ahdba open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO
5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO
6 AHDBA READ WRITE NO
SQL>
2. 手工删除PDB
在删除PDB的时候，有2个选项 KEEP DATAFILES 和 including DATAFILES,默认是KEEP.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO
5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO
6 AHDBA READ WRITE NO
SQL> drop pluggable database huaining;
drop pluggable database huaining
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65179: cannot keep datafiles for a pluggable database that is not unplugged
SQL> !oerr ora 65179
65179, 00000, "cannot keep datafiles for a pluggable database that is not unplugged"
// *Cause: An attempt was made to drop a pluggable database without
// specifying the INCLUDING DATAFILES clause, and the pluggable
// database has not been unplugged.
// *Action: Unplug the pluggable database before dropping the pluggable
// database or use the INCLUDING DATAFILES clause in the
// DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE statement.
//
SQL> drop pluggable database huaining including datafiles;
Pluggable database dropped.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO
6 AHDBA READ WRITE NO
SQL>
操作系统层面看，对应的文件，也一起删除了：[oracle@Ora12c huaining]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/huaining[oracle@Ora12c huaining]$ ls[oracle@Ora12c huaining]$
如果是使用KEEP datafiles，那么在执行drop 之前，必须先执行unplug的操作。
SQL> drop pluggable database ahdba keep datafiles;
drop pluggable database ahdba keep datafiles
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65179: cannot keep datafiles for a pluggable database that is not unplugged
SQL> alter pluggable database ahdba unplug into '/tmp/ahdba.xml';
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> drop pluggable database ahdba keep datafiles;
Pluggable database dropped.
删除成功。
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