这篇文章主要介绍.net MVC如何使用IPrincipal进行Form登录即权限验证,文中介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完!
1.在MVC项目中添加用户类,可以根据实际项目需求添加必要属性
public class UserData { ////// ID /// public int UserId { get; set; } ////// 用户名 /// public string UserName { get; set; } ////// 角色ID列表 /// public ListRoles { get; set; } }
2.添加类Principal实现IPrincipal接口
public class Principal : IPrincipal { public IIdentity Identity { get; private set;} public UserData Account { get; set; } ////// 构造函数 /// /// /// public Principal(FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket, UserData account) { if (ticket == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("ticket"); if (account == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("UserData"); this.Identity = new FormsIdentity(ticket); this.Account = account; } public bool IsInRole(string role) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(role)) return true; if (this.Account == null || this.Account.Roles == null) return false; return role.Split(',').Any(q => Account.Roles.Contains(int.Parse(q))); } }
IPrincipal接口有对象Identity已经需要实现验证角色方法IsInRole()。在我们的实现类中添加了"用户信息(UserData)"属性Account。
构造函数中进行了初始化,第一个对象为Form验证的票据对象,下面ticket会携带用户信息一起保存进cookie中。
3.创建存储cookie和读取cookie的类
////// 写入cookie和读取cookie /// public class HttpFormsAuthentication { //将用户信息通过ticket加密保存到cookie public static void SetAuthenticationCoolie(UserData account, int rememberDay = 0) { if (account == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("account"); //序列化account对象 string accountJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(account); //创建用户票据 var ticket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(1, account.UserName, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddDays(rememberDay), false, accountJson); //加密 string encryptAccount = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(ticket); //创建cookie var cookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encryptAccount) { HttpOnly = true, Secure = FormsAuthentication.RequireSSL, Domain = FormsAuthentication.CookieDomain, Path = FormsAuthentication.FormsCookiePath }; if (rememberDay > 0) cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(rememberDay); //写入Cookie HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Remove(cookie.Name); HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie); } //获取cookie并解析出用户信息 public static Principal TryParsePrincipal(HttpContext context) { if (context == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("context"); HttpRequest request = context.Request; HttpCookie cookie = request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName]; if (cookie == null || string.IsNullOrEmpty(cookie.Value)) { return null; } //解密coolie值 FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(cookie.Value); UserData account = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(ticket.UserData); return new Principal(ticket, account); } }
存储cookie时将用户信息序列化后的字符串accountJson由ticket其携带加密后保存入cookie中,具体的accountJson被赋值给FormsAuthenticationTicket的UserData属性。
可看到解析时将ticket.UserData反序列化后得到了原始的用户信息对象,然后生成Principal对象。
解析cookie得到Principal对象的方法TryParsePrincipal,下面会在发起请求时用到,而返回的Principal对象被赋值给HttpContext.User。
4.在Global.asax中注册Application_PostAuthenticateRequest事件,保证权限验证前将cookie中的用户信息取出赋值给User
protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { HttpContext.Current.User = HttpFormsAuthentication.TryParsePrincipal(HttpContext.Current); }
5.集成AuthorizeAttribute特性类并重写AuthorizeCore,HandleUnauthorizedRequest方法
public class FormAuthorizeAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute { ////// 先进入此方法,此方法中会调用 AuthorizeCore 验证逻辑,验证不通过会调用 HandleUnauthorizedRequest 方法 /// /// public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext) { base.OnAuthorization(filterContext); } ////// 权限验证 /// /// ///protected override bool AuthorizeCore(HttpContextBase httpContext) { var user = httpContext.User as Principal; if (user != null) return user.IsInRole(base.Roles); return false; } protected override void HandleUnauthorizedRequest(AuthorizationContext filterContext) { //验证不通过,直接跳转到相应页面,注意:如果不是哟娜那个以下跳转,则会继续执行Action方法 filterContext.Result = new RedirectResult("~/Login/Index"); } }
AuthorizeCore与HandleUnauthorizedRequest方法均是在方法OnAuthorization中调用,AuthorizeCore验证不通过才会调用HandleUnauthorizedRequest方法。
将验证代码在AuthorizeCore中实现,验证不通过的逻辑在HandleUnauthorizedRequest方法中实现。
6.添加LoginController实现登录逻辑
namespace MVCAuthorizeTest.Controllers { public class LoginController : Controller { [AllowAnonymous] // GET: Login public ActionResult Index(string returnUrl) { ViewBag.ReturnUrl = returnUrl; return View(); } [HttpPost] [AllowAnonymous] public ActionResult Index(string name, string password, bool rememberMe, string returnUrl) { var account = new UserData() { UserName = name, UserId = 110, Roles = new List() { 1, 2, 3 } }; HttpFormsAuthentication.SetAuthenticationCoolie(account, rememberMe ? 7 : 0); if (Url.IsLocalUrl(returnUrl) && returnUrl.Length > 1 && returnUrl.StartsWith("/") && !returnUrl.StartsWith("//") && !returnUrl.StartsWith("/\\")) { return Redirect(returnUrl); } else { return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home"); } } // POST: /Account/LogOff [HttpPost] public ActionResult LogOff() { System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.SignOut(); return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home"); } } }
7.对需要验证的controller或action添加特性标签
[FormAuthorize(Roles = "1,2")] public class HomeController : Controller { [FormAuthorize] public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } }
如图
8.在添加FilterConfig中添加全局注册filter,减少每个action分别设置。如果有不需要验证的页面,添加[AllowAnonymous]特性即可
public class FilterConfig { public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters) { filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute()); //全局注册filter filters.Add(new FormAuthorizeAttribute()); } }
以上是“.net MVC如何使用IPrincipal进行Form登录即权限验证”这篇文章的所有内容,感谢各位的阅读!希望分享的内容对大家有帮助,更多相关知识,欢迎关注创新互联行业资讯频道!