Oracle中如何写脚本 oracle数据库脚本

oracle 如何编写定时脚本

用job，具体用法：

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declare

n_job binary_integer;

begin

dbms_job.submit(n_job, '你要执行的东西', sysdate, TRUNC(LAST_DAY(SYSDATE))+4+2/24);

end;

-- 每月4号执行

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate,'TRUNC(LAST_DAY(SYSDATE))+4+2/24');

-- 每分钟执行一次

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate,'TRUNC(sysdate,’mi’) + 1 / (24*60)');

-- 凌晨两点执行

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate,'TRUNC(sysdate) + 1 + 2/24');

-- 每周一凌晨2点执行 周一是每周的第二天next_day(sysdate,2)同理周二是第三天,next_day(sysdate,3)

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate,'TRUNC(next_day(sysdate,2))+2/24');

-- 每月1日凌晨两点执行

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate,'TRUNC(LAST_DAY(SYSDATE))+1+2/24');

-- 每季第一天凌晨两点执行

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate,'TRUNC(ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE,3),'Q') + 2/24');

-- 每年7月1日和1月1日凌晨2点

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate,'ADD_MONTHS(trunc(sysdate,'yyyy'),6)+2/24');

-- 每年1月1日凌晨2点执行

dbms_job.submit(n_job_01,'你调的东西',sysdate, 'Add_months(trunc(sysdate,'yyyy'), 12) +2/24');

oracle rman备份脚本怎么写

在ORACLE数据库中，RMAN备份的脚本非常多，下面介绍一例shell脚本如何通过RMAN备份，以及FTP上传RMAN备份文件以及归档日志文件的脚本。

fullback.sh 里面调用RMAN命令做数据库备份，它使用的cmdfile为/home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv，同时在/home/oracle/backup/logs目录下生成日志文件。

1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more fullback.sh

2:

3: #!/bin/bash

4:

5: export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

6:

7: export ORACLE_SID=gps

8:

9: ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

10:

11: TMP=/tmp; export TMP

12:

13: TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

14:

15: PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

16:

17: PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

18:

19: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

20:

21: CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

22:

23: export CLASSPATH

24:

25: TODAY=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

26:

27: rman nocatalog target / cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv log /home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$TODAY.log

28:

29: /home/oracle/backup/bin/ftpbackup.sh

30:

fullback.rcv文件非常简单， 如下所示：

1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv

2:

3: run{

4:

5: allocate channel c4 type disk;

6:

7: backup as compressed backupset

8:

9: skip inaccessible

10:

11: tag fullbackupwitharchivelog

12:

13: (database);

14:

15: backup current controlfile;

16:

17: backup spfile;

18:

19: sql "alter system archive log current";

20:

21: delete noprompt obsolete;

22:

23: release channel c4;

24:

25: }

26:

RMAN生成的备份文件，需要通过FTP上传到FTP服务器，一则数据库服务器没有这么多空间存储多天的备份，二则是出于容灾、数据安全需要。

下面脚本中FTP服务器，用户名密码均使用xxx替代，在实际环境中，使用具体的信息替代即可。

1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftpbackup.sh

2:

3: #!/bin/sh、

4:

5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc

6:

7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`

8:

9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

10:

11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxxxx" /home/oracle/.netrc

12:

13: echo "macdef init" /home/oracle/.netrc

14:

15: echo "binary" /home/oracle/.netrc

16:

17: echo "cd archivelog" /home/oracle/.netrc

18:

19: echo "mkdir $date_yesterday" /home/oracle/.netrc

20:

21: echo "cd $date_yesterday" /home/oracle/.netrc

22:

23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_yesterday" /home/oracle/.netrc

24:

25: echo "mput *" /home/oracle/.netrc

26:

27: echo "cd .." /home/oracle/.netrc

28:

29: echo "mkdir $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

30:

31: echo "cd $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

32:

33: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

34:

35: echo "mput * "/home/oracle/.netrc

36:

37: echo "cd .." /home/oracle/.netrc

38:

39: echo "cd ../backupset" /home/oracle/.netrc

40:

41: echo "mkdir $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

42:

43: echo "cd $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

44:

45: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/backupset/$date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

46:

47: echo "mput *" /home/oracle/.netrc

48:

49: echo "cd .." /home/oracle/.netrc

50:

51: echo "cd ../autobackup" /home/oracle/.netrc

52:

53: echo "mkdir $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

54:

55: echo "cd $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

56:

57: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/autobackup/$date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

58:

59: echo "mput *" /home/oracle/.netrc

60:

61: echo "quit" /home/oracle/.netrc

62:

63: echo "" /home/oracle/.netrc

64:

65: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc

66:

67: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 /home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log 21

68:

另外，关于归档日志也需要每隔2小时上传一次到FTP服务器，2小时上传一次归档日志的shell脚本如下所示：

1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftp2hours.sh

2:

3: #!/bin/sh

4:

5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc

6:

7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`

8:

9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

10:

11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxx" /home/oracle/.netrc

12:

13: echo "macdef init" /home/oracle/.netrc

14:

15: echo "binary" /home/oracle/.netrc

16:

17: echo "cd archivelog" /home/oracle/.netrc

18:

19: echo "mkdir $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

20:

21: echo "cd $date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

22:

23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" /home/oracle/.netrc

24:

25: echo "mput * "/home/oracle/.netrc

26:

27: echo "quit" /home/oracle/.netrc

28:

29: echo "" /home/oracle/.netrc

30:

31: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc

32:

33: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 /home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp2hours.$date_today.log 21

34:

最后需要将RMAN备份生成的日志文件，以及FTP上传备份文件以及归档日志的记录通过邮件形式发送给DBA或系统管理员，

1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more chkbackandmail.sh

2: #!/bin/bash

3: rm -f /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

4: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`

5: subject="Oracle Backup Alert Service on $date_today"

6: content="Dear colleagues,

7:

8: Attached please find the logs of xxx(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) oracle database backup and transfer to FTP Server(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), please

9: review the file and check whether the backup succeeded or not,and double check all backups have been dumped to tape, many tha

10: nks

11:

12:

13:

14:

15: Best regards

16: Oracle Alert Services

17:

18: "

19: file="/home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$date_today.log,/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log"

20: echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

21: echo "use Mail::Sender;" /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

22: echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp = 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', from = 'xxxx@xxx.com'}; " /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmai

23: l.pl

24: echo "\$sender-MailFile({to = 'xxx@esquel.com'," /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

25: echo "cc='xxx@xxx.com,xxx@xxx.com,xxx@xxx.com'," /home/oracle/backup/b

26: in/sendmail.pl

27: echo "subject = '$subject'," /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

28: echo "msg = '$content'," /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

29: echo "file = '$file'});" /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

30: perl /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl

最后在Crontab 作业里面配置调用这些shell脚本。例如如下所示，在1：01分执行fullback.sh ，每隔两个小时（例如0:50、2:50...)执行一次ftp2hours.sh, 在每天早上8:40执行chkbackandmail.sh 发送fullback.sh 以及ftp2hour.sh的执行日志记录。

oracle数据库这样的（照片所示）rman备份脚本怎么写

只考虑备份，不考虑其他情况下：

root下的3个rman备份级别的脚本：

#cat

rman_0.sql

backup

incremental

level

database;

#cat

rman_1.sql

backup

incremental

level

1

database;

#cat

rman_1c.sql

backup

incremental

level

1

cumulative

database;

root下的调用rman脚本

#cat

rman_0.sh

#!/bin/bash

su

-

oracle

-c

"rman

target

sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit

@/root/rman_0.sql"

#cat

rman_1.sh

#!/bin/bash

su

-

oracle

-c

"rman

target

sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit

@/root/rman_1.sql"

#cat

rman_1c.sh

#!/bin/bash

su

-

oracle

-c

"rman

target

sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit

@/root/rman_1c.sql"

root的计划任务：

#crontab

-e

1

*

*

/root/rman_0.sh

2

*

*

1

/root/rman_1.sh

2

*

*

2

/root/rman_1.sh

3

*

*

3

/root/rman_1c.sh

2

*

*

4

/root/rman_1.sh

3

*

*

5

/root/rman_1c.sh

2

*

*

6

/root/rman_1.sh

11g里只有0和1两个备份级别，请自行对应oracle低版本

level

0是full

level

1是差异增量备份

--和前一次备份比较，将这个期间改变的数据备份下来

level

1c是累计增量备份

--和比他小得级别相比（即全备份），改变的数据备份

然后根据实际情况还要将备份的策略往脚本添加