shutil模块中的文件、文件夹、压缩包处理模块是怎样的，针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
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guessage.py中内容
"""
猜年龄游戏：
允许用户最多猜三次，猜了三次后，询问是都继续玩，如果输入Y，可以继续猜三次，否则退出
"""
age = 23
count = 0
while count < 3:
try:
guess_age = int(input("input the age of you think:"))
except ValueError:
print("you should input one number!")
count = count + 1
continue
if guess_age > 23:
print("the age you input is too big!")
elif guess_age < 23:
print("the age you input is too small!")
else:
print("excellent!you are right!")
break
count = count + 1
while count == 3:
your_choice = input("you only have three chances,would you like to continue(Y|y/N|n):")
if your_choice.lower() == "y":
count = 0
elif your_choice.lower() =="n":
break
else:
print("your input is illegal!input again!")"正确的程序运行代码"
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
shutil.copyfileobj(open("guessage.py","r",encoding="utf-8"),open("guessage_new.py","w",encoding="utf-8",10))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
Process finished with exit code 0"不加编码时，有报错信息"
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
shutil.copyfileobj(open("guessage.py","r"),open("guessage_new.py","w"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py", line 5, in
shutil.copyfileobj(open("guessage.py","r"),open("guessage_new.py","w"))
File "D:\software2\Python3\install\lib\shutil.py", line 79, in copyfileobj
buf = fsrc.read(length)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'gbk' codec can't decode byte 0xae in position 29: illegal multibyte sequence
Process finished with exit code 1guessage_new.py
"""
猜年龄游戏：
允许用户最多猜三次，猜了三次后，询问是都继续玩，如果输入Y，可以继续猜三次，否则退出
"""
age = 23
count = 0
while count < 3:
try:
guess_age = int(input("input the age of you think:"))
except ValueError:
print("you should input one number!")
count = count + 1
continue
if guess_age > 23:
print("the age you input is too big!")
elif guess_age < 23:
print("the age you input is too small!")
else:
print("excellent!you are right!")
break
count = count + 1
while count == 3:
your_choice = input("you only have three chances,would you like to continue(Y|y/N|n):")
if your_choice.lower() == "y":
count = 0
elif your_choice.lower() =="n":
break
else:
print("your input is illegal!input again!")#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
shutil.copyfile("guessage.py","guessage_new.py")#目标文件无需存在
print("guessage.py",os.stat("guessage.py"))
print("guessage_new.py",os.stat("guessage_new.py"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
guessage.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=9007199254741804, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1555571381, st_mtime=1555571381, st_ctime=1555571381)
guessage_new.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=7881299347900196, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1557104769, st_mtime=1557104769, st_ctime=1557104769)
Process finished with exit code 0"程序代码"
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
shutil.copymode("guessage.py","guessage_new.py")#目标文件必须存在
#目标文件不存在时
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py", line 5, in
shutil.copymode("guessage.py","guessage_new.py")
File "D:\software2\Python3\install\lib\shutil.py", line 144, in copymode
chmod_func(dst, stat.S_IMODE(st.st_mode))
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。: 'guessage_new.py'
Process finished with exit code 1
#新建一个文件guessage_new.py，内容为空，再运行程序
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
shutil.copymode("guessage.py","guessage_new.py")
print("guessage.py",os.stat("guessage.py"))
print("guessage_new.py",os.stat("guessage_new.py"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
guessage.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=9007199254741804, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1555571381, st_mtime=1555571381, st_ctime=1555571381)
guessage_new.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=2533274790397796, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=61, st_atime=1557104202, st_mtime=1557104202, st_ctime=1557104202)
Process finished with exit code 0shutil.copystat(src, dst)仅拷贝状态的信息，包括：mode bits, atime, mtime, flags
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
shutil.copystat("guessage.py","guessage_new.py") #目标文件必须存在
print("guessage.py",os.stat("guessage.py"))
print("guessage_new.py",os.stat("guessage_new.py"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
guessage.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=9007199254741804, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1555571381, st_mtime=1555571381, st_ctime=1555571381)
guessage_new.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=2814749767108452, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=61, st_atime=1555571381, st_mtime=1555571381, st_ctime=1557104576)
Process finished with exit code 0#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
shutil.copy("guessage.py","guessage_new.py")#目标文件可以不存在
print("guessage.py",os.stat("guessage.py"))
print("guessage_new.py",os.stat("guessage_new.py"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
guessage.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=9007199254741804, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1555571381, st_mtime=1555571381, st_ctime=1555571381)
guessage_new.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=6473924464346978, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1557104716, st_mtime=1557104716, st_ctime=1557104716)
Process finished with exit code 0#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
shutil.copy2("guessage.py","guessage_new.py")
print("guessage.py",os.stat("guessage.py"))
print("guessage_new.py",os.stat("guessage_new.py"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
guessage.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=9007199254741804, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1555571381, st_mtime=1555571381, st_ctime=1555571381)
guessage_new.py os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=7318349394478946, st_dev=3466358229, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=941, st_atime=1555571381, st_mtime=1555571381, st_ctime=1557104918)
Process finished with exit code 0shutil.ignore_patterns(*patterns)
shutil.copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None)递归的去拷贝文件夹
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
# 目标目录不能存在，注意对folder2目录父级目录要有可写权限，ignore的意思是排除
shutil.copytree('ee', 'new_ee', ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns('*.pyc', 'tmp*'))
print(os.listdir("ee"))
print(os.listdir("new_ee"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
['eee']
['eee']
Process finished with exit code 0#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
shutil.rmtree('new_ee')
print(os.listdir("ee"))
print(os.listdir("new_ee"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
['eee']
File "E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py", line 10, in
print(os.listdir("new_ee"))
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 3] 系统找不到指定的路径。: 'new_ee'
Process finished with exit code 1#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
shutil.move('ee','new_ee')
print(os.listdir("ee"))#move之后，源文件就不存在了
print(os.listdir("new_ee"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py", line 9, in
print(os.listdir("ee"))
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 3] 系统找不到指定的路径。: 'ee'
Process finished with exit code 1
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
import os
shutil.move('new_ee','mkdir') #可以移到另一个文件夹中
print(os.listdir("mkdir"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
['new_ee']
Process finished with exit code 0base_name： 压缩包的文件名，也可以是压缩包的路径。只是文件名时，则保存至当前目录，否则保存至指定路径，
如 data_bak =>保存至当前路径
如：/tmp/data_bak =>保存至/tmp/
format： 压缩包种类，“zip”, “tar”, “bztar”，“gztar”
root_dir： 要压缩的文件夹路径（默认当前目录）
owner： 用户，默认当前用户
group： 组，默认当前组
logger： 用于记录日志，通常是logging.Logger对象
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author: vita
import shutil
#将 test2 下的文件打包放置当前程序目录
import shutil
import os
ret = shutil.make_archive("test2_bak", 'gztar', root_dir='test2')#目标的压缩包可以是已经存在的
print(os.listdir())
#将 test2下的文件打包放置 mkdir目录
import shutil
ret = shutil.make_archive("mkdir/test2_bak", 'gztar', root_dir='test2')
print(os.listdir("mkdir"))
E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py
['.idea', 'guessage.py', 'guessage_new.py', 'mkdir', 'requirements.txt', 'test.py', 'test2', 'test2_bak.tar.gz', '__pycache__', '写文件.txt', '写文件.txt.tmp', '格式化.py', '猜年龄的游戏.jpg', '读文件.txt']
['new_ee', 'test2_bak.tar.gz']
Process finished with exit code 0shutil 对压缩包的处理是调用 ZipFile 和 TarFile 两个模块来进行的，详细：
zipfile压缩&解压缩
import zipfile
# 压缩
z = zipfile.ZipFile('laxi.zip', 'w')
z.write('a.log')
z.write('data.data')
z.close()
# 解压
z = zipfile.ZipFile('laxi.zip', 'r')
z.extractall(path='.')
z.close()
tarfile压缩&解压缩
import tarfile
# 压缩，egon.tar这个压缩包可以是不存在的，并且可对文件夹递归放到压缩包中
>>> t=tarfile.open('/tmp/egon.tar','w')
>>> t.add('/test1/a.py',arcname='a.bak')
>>> t.add('/test1/b.py',arcname='b.bak')
>>> t.close()
# 解压
>>> t=tarfile.open('/tmp/egon.tar','r')
>>> t.extractall('/egon')
>>> t.close()关于shutil模块中的文件、文件夹、压缩包处理模块是怎样的问题的解答就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，如果你还有很多疑惑没有解开，可以关注创新互联行业资讯频道了解更多相关知识。
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网页标题：shutil模块中的文件、文件夹、压缩包处理模块是怎样的-创新互联
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