使用fpm来制作rpm包
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2017/2/22
一、配置fpm环境
1、安装ruby和fpm
使用rvm来管理ruby
curl -sSL https://rvm.io/mpapis.asc | gpg2 --import -
curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
重新打开一个shell
# ruby -v
ruby 2.4.0p0 (2016-12-24 revision 57164) [x86_64-linux]
安装fpm依赖包
yum install rpm-build -y
安装fpm
[root@tvm-rpm ~]# gem install fpm -V
2、fpm的参数
参考：https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm/wiki
% fpm -s -t [options]
-s 源格式
-t 目标格式
-n 包名
-v version值，实际版本号
--iteration release值，发布序列号
--epoch epoch值
--vendor 厂商
--maintainer 维护者
--description 描述
--url 软件主页
--workdir fpm工作目录
-d 依赖的软件包
--directories 递归指定的目录标记为属于这个包
-C 切换到指定的目录
-p 输出到指定的路径
--force 强制覆盖文件
--after-install FILE 包安装后执行的脚本
--before-install FILE 包安装前执行的脚本
--after-remove FILE 包移除后执行的脚本
--before-remove FILE 包移除前执行的脚本
--after-upgrade FILE 包升级后执行的脚本
--before-upgrade FILE 包升级前执行的脚本
-e building前编辑spec文件
二、示例
【实例1：将python3的源码打包成rpm来安装】
1、配置编译python环境所需的包
[root@tvm-rpm ~]# mkdir /data/{download,rpms}
使用局域网的epel源：
[root@tvm-rpm ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp/ \
&& wget http://mirrors.office.test/local-office.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo \
&& yum clean all \
&& yum makecache
注：如果要使用公网的epel源，可以这样操作：
# rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm
[root@tvm-rpm ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
[root@tvm-rpm ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel readline-devel bzip2-devel sqlite-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel db4-devel expat-devel
下载最新的python源码包：
[root@tvm-rpm ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.3/Python-3.4.3.tgz -O /data/download/Python-3.4.3.tgz
[root@tvm-rpm ~]# cd /data/download/
[root@tvm-rpm download]# tar xf Python-3.4.3.tgz
[root@tvm-rpm download]# cd Python-3.4.3
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]#
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# export DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL=/data/rpms/Python-3.4.3
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# export DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL=/usr/local
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# export LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}/lib ${LDFLAGS}"
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# ./configure --prefix=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# make
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# make install DESTDIR=${DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL}
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# cd ..
我们来看一下，生成了那些目录和文件：
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# cd /data/rpms
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# ls Python-3.4.3/usr/local/
bin include lib share
2、开始打包
[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \
-n python3 \
-v '3.4.3' \
--iteration '1.el6' \
--epoch '0' \
--vendor ' Python Software Foundation' \
--maintainer 'PC' \
--description 'use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3' \
--url 'https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-343/' \
--workdir /data/rpms \
-p /data/rpms/pkgs/ \
-C ${DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL} \
--directories=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}/lib \
--directories=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}/include \
-d 'openssl' \
-d 'bzip2' \
-d 'zlib' \
-d 'expat' \
-d 'db4' \
-d 'sqlite' \
-d 'ncurses' \
-d 'readline'
Created package {:path=>"/data/rpms/pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm"}
我们来看看包的内容：
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -qpi pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Name : python3 Relocations: /
Version : 3.4.3 Vendor: Python Software Foundation
Release : 1.el6 Build Date: Wed 15 Jul 2015 04:55:17 PM CST
Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm
Group : default Source RPM: python3-3.4.3-1.el6.src.rpm
Size : 126285890 License: unknown
Signature : (none)
Packager : PC
URL : https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-343/
Summary : use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3
Description :
use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3
3、安装测试
1）安装前：
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man}
/usr/local/bin:
/usr/local/include:
/usr/local/lib:
/usr/local/share/man/man1:
2）开始安装：
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -ivh pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:python3 ########################################### [100%]
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -qa |grep python3
python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64
3）安装后：
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man/man1}
/usr/local/bin:
2to3 2to3-3.4 easy_install-3.4 idle3 idle3.4 pip3 pip3.4 pydoc3 pydoc3.4 python3 python3.4 python3.4-config python3.4m python3.4m-config python3-config pyvenv pyvenv-3.4
/usr/local/include:
python3.4m
/usr/local/lib:
libpython3.4m.a pkgconfig python3.4
/usr/local/share/man/man1:
python3.1 python3.4.1
执行python命令，查看版本：
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.version)"
3.4.3 (default, Jul 15 2015, 14:40:59)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11)]
4）卸载：
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -e python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man/man1}
/usr/local/bin:
/usr/local/include:
/usr/local/lib:
/usr/local/share/man/man1:
符合预期。
【实例2：打包yum源的配置文件为rpm包】
[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# cd /data/rpms/pkgs/
[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \
-a 'x86_64' \
-n 'office-repo-latest' \
-v '6' \
--iteration '1.el6' \
--epoch '0' \
--vendor 'pc@office' \
--maintainer 'PC' \
--description 'provide file: [local-office.repo] for local users. include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms' \
/etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo
Created package {:path=>"office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.noarch.rpm"}
[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpl office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
/etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo
[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpi office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Name : office-repo-latest Relocations: /
Version : 6 Vendor: pc@office
Release : 1.el6 Build Date: Thu 06 Aug 2015 04:53:26 PM CST
Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm
Group : default Source RPM: office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.src.rpm
Size : 2392 License: unknown
Signature : (none)
Packager : PC
URL : http://example.com/no-uri-given
Summary : provide file: [local-office.repo] for local users. include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms
Description :
provide file: [local-office.repo] for local users. include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms
测试1：将打包的文件拷贝到其他主机上
[root@tvm-test ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/
安装：
[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -ivh office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:office-repo-latest ########################################### [100%]
[root@tvm-test ~]# diff /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/local-office.repo
测试2：将打包的文件拷贝到本地的yum源来提供安装。
[root@tvm-yum ~]# mv office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm /data/yum/repo/
先移除之前测试1安装的包：
[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -qa |grep office
office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64
[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -e office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64
安装：
[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.office.test/office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Retrieving http://mirrors.office.test/office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:office-repo-latest ########################################### [100%]
[root@tvm-test ~]# diff /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/local-office.repo
【实例3：打包最新版的monit】
1）从官网下载最新的binary
[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# mkdir monit && cd monit
[root@tvm-rpm monit]# wget https://mmonit.com/monit/dist/binary/5.14/monit-5.14-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@tvm-rpm monit]# tar zxvf monit-5.14-linux-x64.tar.gz
monit-5.14/
monit-5.14/bin/
monit-5.14/bin/monit
monit-5.14/COPYING
monit-5.14/conf/
monit-5.14/conf/monitrc
monit-5.14/man/
monit-5.14/man/man1/
monit-5.14/man/man1/monit.1
[root@tvm-rpm monit]# cd monit-5.14
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# ll bin/ conf/ man/man1/
bin/:
total 2688
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2752045 Jun 9 18:18 monit
conf/:
total 12
-rw------- 1 root root 11220 Jun 9 18:18 monitrc
man/man1/:
total 132
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 131280 Jun 9 18:18 monit.1
拷贝到合适的位置：
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a bin/monit /usr/bin/
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a conf/monitrc /etc/
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a man/man1/monit.1 /usr/share/man/man1/
增加一个控制脚本：
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# ll init.d/
total 4
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1272 Jun 5 2014 monit
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a init.d/monit /etc/init.d/
创建目录：
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# mkdir /etc/monit.d
调整配置文件：
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# grep ^[^#] /etc/monitrc
set daemon 120
with start delay 240
set logfile /var/log/monit
include /etc/monit.d/*
2）打包
[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cd /data/rpms/pkgs/
[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \
-a 'x86_64' \
-n 'monit' \
-v '5.14' \
--iteration '1.el6' \
--epoch '0' \
--vendor 'pc@office' \
--maintainer 'PC' \
--description 'monit-5.14 for local users' \
/usr/bin/monit \
/etc/monitrc \
/etc/monit.d \
/usr/share/man/man1/monit.1 \
/etc/init.d/monit
Created package {:path=>"monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm"}
[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpl monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
/etc/init.d/monit
/etc/monit.d
/etc/monitrc
/usr/bin/monit
/usr/share/man/man1/monit.1
[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpi monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Name : monit Relocations: /
Version : 5.14 Vendor: pc@office
Release : 1.el6 Build Date: Fri 28 Aug 2015 06:00:57 PM CST
Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm
Group : default Source RPM: monit-5.14-1.el6.src.rpm
Size : 2895915 License: unknown
Signature : (none)
Packager : PC
URL : http://example.com/no-uri-given
Summary : monit-5.14 for local users
Description :
monit-5.14 for local users
测试1：将打包的文件拷贝到其他主机上
[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -Uvh monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:monit ########################################### [100%]
[root@tvm-test ~]# service monit start
Starting monit: Starting Monit 5.14 daemon
Monit start delay set -- pause for 240s
[ OK ]
[root@tvm-test ~]# chkconfig monit on
卸载：
[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -e monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64
[root@tvm-test ~]# ls /usr/bin/monit /etc/monitrc
ls: cannot access /usr/bin/monit: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /etc/monitrc: No such file or directory
可以发现，已经被删除。
测试2：更新到本地的yum源后安装
[root@tvm-yum x86_64]# pwd
/data/yum/repo/office/6/x86_64
上传rpm包，重建repo：
[root@tvm-yum x86_64]# createrepo .
Spawning worker 0 with 30 pkgs
Workers Finished
Gathering worker results
Saving Primary metadata
Saving file lists metadata
Saving other metadata
Generating sqlite DBs
Sqlite DBs complete
安装：
[root@tvm-test ~]# yum makecache
[root@tvm-test ~]# yum install monit
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package monit.x86_64 0:5.14-1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================
Installing:
monit x86_64 5.14-1.el6 office 1.2 M
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.2 M
Installed size: 2.8 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
monit.x86_64 0:5.14-1.el6
Complete!
【实例4：打包tengine】
1、准备
mkdir /opt/fpm/{src,rpms,install} -p
export DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL=/opt/fpm/install
export DIR_RPM_INSTALL=/opt/tengine
export DIR_RPMS=/opt/fpm/rpms
export DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS=/opt/fpm/scripts
2、源码编译
cd /opt/fpm/src
wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz
yum install pcre pcre-devel -y
tar zxvf tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz && cd tengine-2.1.2
./configure --prefix=${DIR_RPM_INSTALL}
===================================================注意以下输出，确认是否符合预期。
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ using system OpenSSL library
+ md5: using OpenSSL library
+ sha1: using OpenSSL library
+ using system zlib library
+ jemalloc library is disabled
nginx path prefix: "/opt/tengine"
nginx binary file: "/opt/tengine/sbin/nginx"
nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/tengine/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/opt/tengine/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/opt/tengine/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx dso module path: "/opt/tengine/modules/"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
===================================================
make && make install DESTDIR=${DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL}
3、自定义配置文件和脚本
[root@tvm-rpm tengine-2.1.2]# cd /opt/fpm
1）编辑脚本，用于rpm包安装和卸载时执行指令：
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# mkdir scripts
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# cat scripts/after-install.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
# 2017/2/22
# user
echo -e '\n\033[1;34mCreate user nginx:\033[0m\n'
id nginx >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo 'User [nginx] exist.' || (useradd -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/cache/nginx -c "nginx user" nginx;id nginx)
echo -e '\n\033[1;34mConfiguration summary:\033[0m\n'
cat <<'_EOF'
===================================================
+ using system PCRE library
+ using system OpenSSL library
+ md5: using OpenSSL library
+ sha1: using OpenSSL library
+ using system zlib library
+ jemalloc library is disabled
nginx path prefix: "/opt/tengine"
nginx binary file: "/opt/tengine/sbin/nginx"
nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/tengine/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/opt/tengine/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/opt/tengine/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx dso module path: "/opt/tengine/modules/"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
startup script: /etc/init.d/tengine
===================================================
_EOF
echo -e '\n\033[1;33mTengine has been successfully installed.\033[0m\n'
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# cat scripts/before-remove.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
# 2017/2/22
echo -e '\n\033[1;33mIn order to backup you data, please follow the guide, control it by hand.\033[0m\n'
# service
echo -e '\n\033[1;34mService stopped.\033[0m\n'
service tengine stop
# user
echo -e '\n\033[1;34m[Guide] Try to remove user nginx?\033[0m\n'
echo 'userdel -fr nginx'
# dir
echo -e '\n\033[1;34mDirectory backuped: [/opt/tengine] -> [/opt/tengine.old]\033[0m\n'
mv -fv /opt/tengine /opt/tengine.old
2）控制脚本
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# mkdir install/etc/init.d
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# vim install/etc/init.d/tengine
（略）
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# chmod +x install/etc/init.d/tengine
4、开始打包
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \
-n Tengine \
-v '2.1.2' \
--iteration '1.el6' \
--epoch '0' \
--vendor 'Tengine@taobao' \
--maintainer 'PC' \
--description 'Tengine is based on Nginx which stands for Engine-X.' \
--url 'tengine.taobao.org' \
-C ${DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL} \
-p ${DIR_RPMS} \
-d 'pcre' \
--after-install ${DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS}/after-install.sh \
--before-remove ${DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS}/before-remove.sh \
-f
Created package {:path=>"/opt/fpm/rpms/Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm"}
5、查看rpm包内的文件：
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# rpm -qpl /opt/fpm/rpms/Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# tree -L 2
.
├── install -> fpm打包时，将chroot到这个目录，对应安装后的文件系统中以下路径：/opt, /etc
│ ├── etc -> 在nginx的安装包中拷贝/etc/init.d/nginx，改一下配置文件中的相关路径为tengine的即可，然后将文件拷贝到这里（/etc/init.d/tengine）即可。
│ └── opt -> 源码安装后的目录
├── rpms
│ └── Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -> rpm包保存在这里
├── scripts
│ ├── after-install.sh -> 安装rpm包后执行这个脚本
│ └── before-remove.sh -> 卸载rpm包前执行这个脚本
└── src
├── tengine-2.1.2 -> 源码编译的工作目录
└── tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz -> 源码
7 directories, 4 files
6、拷贝rpm包到一台新的机器上测试：
符合预期。
ZYXW、参考
1、fpm/wiki
https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm/wiki
2、使用 FPM 创建 Python 的 RPM 包
http://theo.im/blog/2014/05/16/use-fpm-to-create-python-rpm-packages/
3、使用FPM快速生成RPM包
https://linux.cn/article-3184-1.html
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