这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关Python文件监听工具pyinotify与watchdog怎么用，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。
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pyinotify库
支持的监控事件
@cvar IN_ACCESS: File was accessed.
@type IN_ACCESS: int
@cvar IN_MODIFY: File was modified.
@type IN_MODIFY: int
@cvar IN_ATTRIB: Metadata changed.
@type IN_ATTRIB: int
@cvar IN_CLOSE_WRITE: Writtable file was closed.
@type IN_CLOSE_WRITE: int
@cvar IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: Unwrittable file closed.
@type IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE: int
@cvar IN_OPEN: File was opened.
@type IN_OPEN: int
@cvar IN_MOVED_FROM: File was moved from X.
@type IN_MOVED_FROM: int
@cvar IN_MOVED_TO: File was moved to Y.
@type IN_MOVED_TO: int
@cvar IN_CREATE: Subfile was created.
@type IN_CREATE: int
@cvar IN_DELETE: Subfile was deleted.
@type IN_DELETE: int
@cvar IN_DELETE_SELF: Self (watched item itself) was deleted.
@type IN_DELETE_SELF: int
@cvar IN_MOVE_SELF: Self (watched item itself) was moved.
@type IN_MOVE_SELF: int
@cvar IN_UNMOUNT: Backing fs was unmounted.
@type IN_UNMOUNT: int
@cvar IN_Q_OVERFLOW: Event queued overflowed.
@type IN_Q_OVERFLOW: int
@cvar IN_IGNORED: File was ignored.
@type IN_IGNORED: int
@cvar IN_ONLYDIR: only watch the path if it is a directory (new
in kernel 2.6.15).
@type IN_ONLYDIR: int
@cvar IN_DONT_FOLLOW: don't follow a symlink (new in kernel 2.6.15).
IN_ONLYDIR we can make sure that we don't watch
the target of symlinks.
@type IN_DONT_FOLLOW: int
@cvar IN_EXCL_UNLINK: Events are not generated for children after they
have been unlinked from the watched directory.
(new in kernel 2.6.36).
@type IN_EXCL_UNLINK: int
@cvar IN_MASK_ADD: add to the mask of an already existing watch (new
in kernel 2.6.14).
@type IN_MASK_ADD: int
@cvar IN_ISDIR: Event occurred against dir.
@type IN_ISDIR: int
@cvar IN_ONESHOT: Only send event once.
@type IN_ONESHOT: int
@cvar ALL_EVENTS: Alias for considering all of the events.
@type ALL_EVENTS: int
python 3.6的demo
import sys
import os
import pyinotify
WATCH_PATH = '/home/lp/ftp' # 监控目录
if not WATCH_PATH:
print("The WATCH_PATH setting MUST be set.")
sys.exit()
else:
if os.path.exists(WATCH_PATH):
print('Found watch path: path=%s.' % (WATCH_PATH))
else:
print('The watch path NOT exists, watching stop now: path=%s.' % (WATCH_PATH))
sys.exit()
# 事件回调函数
class OnIOHandler(pyinotify.ProcessEvent):
# 重写文件写入完成函数
def process_IN_CLOSE_WRITE(self, event):
# logging.info("create file: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
# 处理成小图片，然后发送给grpc服务器或者发给kafka
file_path = os.path.join(event.path, event.name)
print('文件完成写入',file_path)
# 重写文件删除函数
def process_IN_DELETE(self, event):
print("文件删除: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
# 重写文件改变函数
def process_IN_MODIFY(self, event):
print("文件改变: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
# 重写文件创建函数
def process_IN_CREATE(self, event):
print("文件创建: %s " % os.path.join(event.path, event.name))
def auto_compile(path='.'):
wm = pyinotify.WatchManager()
# mask = pyinotify.EventsCodes.ALL_FLAGS.get('IN_CREATE', 0)
# mask = pyinotify.EventsCodes.FLAG_COLLECTIONS['OP_FLAGS']['IN_CREATE'] # 监控内容，只监听文件被完成写入
mask = pyinotify.IN_CREATE | pyinotify.IN_CLOSE_WRITE
notifier = pyinotify.ThreadedNotifier(wm, OnIOHandler()) # 回调函数
notifier.start()
wm.add_watch(path, mask, rec=True, auto_add=True)
print('Start monitoring %s' % path)
while True:
try:
notifier.process_events()
if notifier.check_events():
notifier.read_events()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
notifier.stop()
break
if __name__ == "__main__":
auto_compile(WATCH_PATH)
print('monitor close')watchdog库
支持的监控事件
EVENT_TYPE_MODIFIED: self.on_modified,
EVENT_TYPE_MOVED: self.on_moved,
EVENT_TYPE_CREATED: self.on_created,
EVENT_TYPE_DELETED: self.on_deleted,
需要注意的是，文件改变，也会触发文件夹的改变
python3.6的demo
#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import print_function
import asyncio
import base64
import logging
import os
import shutil
import sys
from datetime import datetime
from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler
from watchdog.observers import Observer
WATCH_PATH = '/home/lp/ftp' # 监控目录
class FileMonitorHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(FileMonitorHandler, self).__init__(**kwargs)
# 监控目录 目录下面以device_id为目录存放各自的图片
self._watch_path = WATCH_PATH
# 重写文件改变函数，文件改变都会触发文件夹变化
def on_modified(self, event):
if not event.is_directory: # 文件改变都会触发文件夹变化
file_path = event.src_path
print("文件改变: %s " % file_path)
if __name__ == "__main__":
event_handler = FileMonitorHandler()
observer = Observer()
observer.schedule(event_handler, path=WATCH_PATH, recursive=True) # recursive递归的
observer.start()
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